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Improved quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) for drinking water sources in developing countries

Applied water science, 2022-03, Vol.12 (3), p.1-20, Article 49 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

The Author(s) 2022 ;The Author(s) 2022. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2190-5487 ;EISSN: 2190-5495 ;DOI: 10.1007/s13201-022-01569-8

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Title:
Improved quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) for drinking water sources in developing countries
Author: Amatobi, D. A. ; Agunwamba, J. C.
Subjects: Acceptability ; Aquatic Pollution ; Boreholes ; Comparative Law ; Countries ; Developing countries ; Diarrhea ; Drinking water ; E coli ; Earth and Environmental Science ; Earth Sciences ; Giardia ; Health risks ; Hydrogeology ; Industrial and Production Engineering ; Instruments ; International & Foreign Law ; LDCs ; Local government ; Mathematical models ; Mean ; Microbial ; Microorganisms ; Nanotechnology ; Original Article ; Parameter modification ; Parameters ; Pathogens ; Private International Law ; Risk assessment ; Salmonella ; Sampling instruments ; Standard deviation ; Statistical analysis ; Statistical methods ; Surveying ; Vulnerability ; Waste Water Technology ; Water analysis ; Water consumption ; Water Industry/Water Technologies ; Water Management ; Water Pollution Control ; Water samples ; Water sampling
Is Part Of: Applied water science, 2022-03, Vol.12 (3), p.1-20, Article 49
Description: This study seeks to improve the QMRA of drinking water sources in the context of developing countries. Existing QMRA dose–response models were modified to use data generated from the developing country environment and scenarios. The modified model assessed drinking water borehole supplies in Afikpo North Local Government Area, Nigeria. Water samples were taken every three days from July 2019 to December 2019. They were assessed for concentrations of E. coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp, Campylobacter , Giardia lamblia and Cryptosporidium parvum. Other input parameters to the modified model were obtained in the study environment through survey instruments; they include per capita water consumption per day, % exposed population, % vulnerable population and pathogen strike rate. The daily mean risk of infection was determined to be 0.236, standard deviation, 0.056, while the daily mean risk of diarrhea was 0.039, standard deviation , 0.016. The predicted mean diarrhea risk values showed a positive correlations ( C = 0.74) with the observed diarrhea disease prevalence rate among the study communities. Mean values of diarrhea risk obtained using the modified model were compared with those obtained using formulations adopted by some recent studies that used existing QMRA models in the developing countries. The mean risk values were further compared with values obtained by using other existing QMRA dose–response models/parameters. The study found no statistical significant difference in the predicted risk of diarrhea of the two types of models. The modification is intended to facilitate a better interest on and the acceptability of QMRA in the developing countries.
Publisher: Cham: Springer International Publishing
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 2190-5487
EISSN: 2190-5495
DOI: 10.1007/s13201-022-01569-8
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
ROAD: Directory of Open Access Scholarly Resources
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals
Springer Nature OA Free Journals

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Improved quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) for drinking water sources in developing countries

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