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Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng

Plant biotechnology journal, 2018-11, Vol.16 (11), p.1904-1917 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2018 The Authors. published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd ;2018 The Authors. Plant Biotechnology Journal published by Society for Experimental Biology and The Association of Applied Biologists and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ;COPYRIGHT 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ;2018. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 1467-7644 ;EISSN: 1467-7652 ;DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12926 ;PMID: 29604169

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Title:
Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng
Author: Kim, Nam‐Hoon ; Jayakodi, Murukarthick ; Lee, Sang‐Choon ; Choi, Beom‐Soon ; Jang, Woojong ; Lee, Junki ; Kim, Hyun Hee ; Waminal, Nomar E. ; Lakshmanan, Meiyappan ; Nguyen, Binh ; Lee, Yun Sun ; Park, Hyun‐Seung ; Koo, Hyun Jo ; Park, Jee Young ; Perumal, Sampath ; Joh, Ho Jun ; Lee, Hana ; Kim, Jinkyung ; Kim, In Seo ; Kim, Kyunghee ; Koduru, Lokanand ; Kang, Kyo Bin ; Sung, Sang Hyun ; Yu, Yeisoo ; Park, Daniel S. ; Choi, Doil ; Seo, Eunyoung ; Kim, Seungill ; Kim, Young‐Chang ; Hyun, Dong Yun ; Park, Youn‐Il ; Kim, Changsoo ; Lee, Tae‐Ho ; Kim, Hyun Uk ; Soh, Moon Soo ; Lee, Yi ; In, Jun Gyo ; Kim, Heui‐Soo ; Kim, Yong‐Min ; Yang, Deok‐Chun ; Wing, Rod A. ; Lee, Dong‐Yup ; Paterson, Andrew H. ; Yang, Tae‐Jin
Subjects: adaptation ; Biological evolution ; Biosynthesis ; Breeding ; Chlorophyll ; Climate change ; Cold tolerance ; Divergence ; evolution ; Fatty acids ; Freezing ; Genes ; Genetic research ; Genomes ; Genomics ; Ginseng ; Ginsenosides ; Global warming ; Herbal medicine ; Herbs ; Medicinal herbs ; Medicinal plants ; Medicine, Botanic ; Medicine, Herbal ; Metabolic engineering ; metabolic network ; Metabolism ; Northern Hemisphere ; Panax ; Panax ginseng ; Pharmacology ; Photosynthesis ; Plant tissues ; Protein binding ; Proteins
Is Part Of: Plant biotechnology journal, 2018-11, Vol.16 (11), p.1904-1917
Description: Summary Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer, reputed as the king of medicinal herbs, has slow growth, long generation time, low seed production and complicated genome structure that hamper its study. Here, we unveil the genomic architecture of tetraploid P. ginseng by de novo genome assembly, representing 2.98 Gbp with 59 352 annotated genes. Resequencing data indicated that diploid Panax species diverged in association with global warming in Southern Asia, and two North American species evolved via two intercontinental migrations. Two whole genome duplications (WGD) occurred in the family Araliaceae (including Panax) after divergence with the Apiaceae, the more recent one contributing to the ability of P. ginseng to overwinter, enabling it to spread broadly through the Northern Hemisphere. Functional and evolutionary analyses suggest that production of pharmacologically important dammarane‐type ginsenosides originated in Panax and are produced largely in shoot tissues and transported to roots; that newly evolved P. ginseng fatty acid desaturases increase freezing tolerance; and that unprecedented retention of chlorophyll a/b binding protein genes enables efficient photosynthesis under low light. A genome‐scale metabolic network provides a holistic view of Panax ginsenoside biosynthesis. This study provides valuable resources for improving medicinal values of ginseng either through genomics‐assisted breeding or metabolic engineering.
Publisher: England: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1467-7644
EISSN: 1467-7652
DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12926
PMID: 29604169
Source: Wiley Online Library Open Access
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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Genome and evolution of the shade‐requiring medicinal herb Panax ginseng

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