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2015 Yutaka Seino Distinguished Leadership Award Lecture: The Japanese American Community Diabetes Study and the ‘canary in the coal mine’

Journal of diabetes investigation, 2016-09, Vol.7 (5), p.664-673 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

2016 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd ;2016 The Authors. Journal of Diabetes Investigation published by Asian Association for the Study of Diabetes (AASD) and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd. ;2016. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License. ;ISSN: 2040-1116 ;EISSN: 2040-1124 ;DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12539 ;PMID: 27169694

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Title:
2015 Yutaka Seino Distinguished Leadership Award Lecture: The Japanese American Community Diabetes Study and the ‘canary in the coal mine’
Author: Fujimoto, Wilfred Y
Subjects: Adipose tissue ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Age ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthropometry ; Asian Americans ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Asian people ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Body fat ; Body Weight ; Cell culture ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Coal ; Coal mining ; Computed tomography ; Diabetes ; Diabetes epidemiology ; Diabetes mellitus ; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent) ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - ethnology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - etiology ; Emergency communications systems ; Endocrinology ; Epidemiology ; Etiological factors in Asians ; Etiology ; Female ; Gases ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Immigrants ; Immigration ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin ; Insulin - metabolism ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Secreting Cells - physiology ; Japan ; Japanese Americans ; Laboratories ; Life Style ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; Metabolic disorders ; Middle Aged ; Noncitizens ; Nutrition research ; Pathophysiology in Asians ; Research centers ; Review ; Risk Factors ; Secretion ; Studies ; White people ; Young Adult
Is Part Of: Journal of diabetes investigation, 2016-09, Vol.7 (5), p.664-673
Description: The rising tide of diabetes in Asia has been preceded by high prevalence rates of diabetes among migrant Asian populations in the USA and elsewhere. A 1963 report from Hawaii showed that diabetes was much more prevalent in Japanese Americans than in Caucasians. The Japanese American Community Diabetes Study was begun in Seattle, Washington, to examine why this was the case, and explore the etiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes among Japanese Americans who were Nisei (second generation) and Sansei (third generation) descendants of the original immigrants to the USA from Japan. This research was planned to be a metabolically‐based longitudinal epidemiological study that assessed lifestyle factors, insulin sensitivity, insulin secretion and adiposity, including measurements of body fat distribution by anthropometry and computed tomography (CT). An important conclusion from this research was that visceral adiposity was a powerful risk factor for metabolic disease. Our observations suggested that among susceptible Japanese Americans lifestyle led to weight gain, especially in visceral fat depots, that in turn led to decreased insulin sensitivity that unmasked a reduced β‐cell reserve, resulting in hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes. This process can be prevented by dietary and exercise intervention. Thus, the Japanese American population has served as an early warning system for type 2 diabetes in Asians, just as caged canaries were used by coal miners as an early warning system for harmful gases in coal mines. The rising tide of diabetes in Asia has been preceded by high prevalence rates of diabetes among migrant Asian populations in the United States and elsewhere. The Japanese American Community Diabetes Study was begun in Seattle, Washington to examine why this was the case and explore the etiology and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes among Japanese Americans who were Nisei (second generation) and Sansei (third generation) descendents of the original immigrants to the United States from Japan. The Japanese American population has served as an early warning system for type 2 diabetes in Asians, just as caged canaries were used by coal miners as an early warning system for harmful gases in the coal mines.
Publisher: Japan: John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 2040-1116
EISSN: 2040-1124
DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12539
PMID: 27169694
Source: GFMER Free Medical Journals
MEDLINE
PubMed Central
Wiley Blackwell Open Access Titles
ProQuest Central
DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals

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2015 Yutaka Seino Distinguished Leadership Award Lecture: The Japanese American Community Diabetes Study and the ‘canary in the coal mine’

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